Magento 2 Add Product Attribute Programmatically

In this article, we will find out how to create a product attribute in Magento 2 programatically. As you know, Magento 2 manage Product by EAV model, so we cannot simply add an attribute for product by adding a column for product table. Please read the article Magento 2 EAV model to understand about this.

Before we start with this, please read the article Magento 2 Install/Upgrade script to know how to create a module setup class.

Overview of Adding Product Attribute Programmatically

Step 1: Create file InstallData.php
Step 2: Define the install() method
Step 3: Create custom attribute

In this article, we will use the Mageplaza HelloWorld module to learn how to add a product attribute.

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Step 1: Create file InstallData.php

We will start with the InstallData class which located in app/code/Mageplaza/HelloWorld/Setup/InstallData.php. The content for this file:

<?php
namespace Mageplaza\HelloWorld\Setup;

use Magento\Eav\Setup\EavSetup;
use Magento\Eav\Setup\EavSetupFactory;
use Magento\Framework\Setup\InstallDataInterface;
use Magento\Framework\Setup\ModuleContextInterface;
use Magento\Framework\Setup\ModuleDataSetupInterface;

class InstallData implements InstallDataInterface
{
	private $eavSetupFactory;

	public function __construct(EavSetupFactory $eavSetupFactory)
	{
		$this->eavSetupFactory = $eavSetupFactory;
	}
	
}

Step 2: Define the install() method

<?php
	
public function install(ModuleDataSetupInterface $setup, ModuleContextInterface $context)
{
	
}

Step 3: Create custom attribute

Here are all lines code of InstallSchema.php to create product attribute programmically.

<?php
namespace Mageplaza\HelloWorld\Setup;

use Magento\Eav\Setup\EavSetup;
use Magento\Eav\Setup\EavSetupFactory;
use Magento\Framework\Setup\InstallDataInterface;
use Magento\Framework\Setup\ModuleContextInterface;
use Magento\Framework\Setup\ModuleDataSetupInterface;

class InstallData implements InstallDataInterface
{
	private $eavSetupFactory;

	public function __construct(EavSetupFactory $eavSetupFactory)
	{
		$this->eavSetupFactory = $eavSetupFactory;
	}
	
	public function install(ModuleDataSetupInterface $setup, ModuleContextInterface $context)
	{
		$eavSetup = $this->eavSetupFactory->create(['setup' => $setup]);
		$eavSetup->addAttribute(
			\Magento\Catalog\Model\Product::ENTITY,
			'sample_attribute',
			[
				'type' => 'text',
				'backend' => '',
				'frontend' => '',
				'label' => 'Sample Atrribute',
				'input' => 'text',
				'class' => '',
				'source' => '',
				'global' => \Magento\Eav\Model\Entity\Attribute\ScopedAttributeInterface::SCOPE_GLOBAL,
				'visible' => true,
				'required' => true,
				'user_defined' => false,
				'default' => '',
				'searchable' => false,
				'filterable' => false,
				'comparable' => false,
				'visible_on_front' => false,
				'used_in_product_listing' => true,
				'unique' => false,
				'apply_to' => ''
			]
		);
	}
}

As you can see, all the addAttribute method requires is:

The type id of the entity which we want to add attribute
The name of the attribute
An array of key value pairs to define the attribute such as group, input type, source, label…

All done, please run the upgrade script php bin/magento setup:upgrade to install the module and the product attribute sample_attribute will be created. After run upgrade complete, please run php bin/magento setup:static-content:deploy and go to product from admin to check the result. it will show like this:

product attribute magento 2

If you want to remove product attribute, you can use method removeAttribute instead of addAttribute. It will be like this:

public function install(ModuleDataSetupInterface $setup, ModuleContextInterface $context)
    {
        $eavSetup = $this->eavSetupFactory->create(['setup' => $setup]);
        $eavSetup->removeAttribute(
          \Magento\Catalog\Model\Product::ENTITY,
           'sample_attribute');
    }

Related Topics

Sam Nguyen

Sam is the CEO & co-founder of Mageplaza, a company established to support Magento merchants with different powerful tools and resources. Sam Nguyen is also the CEO & founder of Avada Commerce, an e-commerce solution provider headquartered in Singapore – aiming to support more than a million online businesses to grow and develop.

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