How to Add Customer Attribute Programmatically in Magento 2?

This article will guide you how to add customer attribute in Magento 2 programatically. Please follow our previous article to create a simple module which we will use to demo coding for this lesson and how to create the setup script classes. In this article, we will use the sample module Mageplaza_HelloWorld and the InstallDataclass.

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Overview of Adding Customer Attribute Programmatically

Step 1: Create setup file InstallData.php
Step 2: Define the install() method
Step 3: Create custom attribute

Step 1: Create setup file InstallData.php

Firstly, we will create the InstallData.php file:

File: app/code/Mageplaza/HelloWorld/Setup/InstallData.php

<?php
namespace Mageplaza\HelloWorld\Setup;

use Magento\Eav\Setup\EavSetup;
use Magento\Eav\Setup\EavSetupFactory;
use Magento\Framework\Setup\InstallDataInterface;
use Magento\Framework\Setup\ModuleContextInterface;
use Magento\Framework\Setup\ModuleDataSetupInterface;

class InstallData implements InstallDataInterface
{
	private $eavSetupFactory;

	public function __construct(EavSetupFactory $eavSetupFactory)
	{
		$this->eavSetupFactory = $eavSetupFactory;
	}

}

In this class, we define the EAV setup model which will be use to interact with Magento 2 attribute.

Step 2: Define the install() method

After that, we have to define the install() method and create eav setup model:

public function install(ModuleDataSetupInterface $setup, ModuleContextInterface $context)
	{
		$eavSetup = $this->eavSetupFactory->create(['setup' => $setup]);
	}
	Next, we will use eavSetup object to add attribute:
public function install(ModuleDataSetupInterface $setup, ModuleContextInterface $context)
	{
		$eavSetup = $this->eavSetupFactory->create(['setup' => $setup]);
		$eavSetup->addAttribute(
			\Magento\Customer\Model\Customer::ENTITY,
			'sample_attribute',
			[
				'type'         => 'varchar',
				'label'        => 'Sample Attribute',
				'input'        => 'text',
				'required'     => false,
				'visible'      => true,
				'user_defined' => true,
				'position'     => 999,
				'system'       => 0,
			]
		);
}

Step 3: Create custom attribute

Finally, we need to set the forms in which the attributes will be used. In this step, we need define the eavConfig object which allow us to call the attribute back and set the data for it. And the full code to create customer attribute is:

File: app/code/Mageplaza/HelloWorld/Setup/InstallData.php

<?php

namespace Mageplaza\HelloWorld\Setup;

use Magento\Eav\Setup\EavSetup;
use Magento\Eav\Setup\EavSetupFactory;
use Magento\Framework\Setup\InstallDataInterface;
use Magento\Framework\Setup\ModuleContextInterface;
use Magento\Framework\Setup\ModuleDataSetupInterface;
use Magento\Eav\Model\Config;
use Magento\Customer\Model\Customer;

class InstallData implements InstallDataInterface
{
	private $eavSetupFactory;

	public function __construct(EavSetupFactory $eavSetupFactory, Config $eavConfig)
	{
		$this->eavSetupFactory = $eavSetupFactory;
		$this->eavConfig       = $eavConfig;
	}

	public function install(ModuleDataSetupInterface $setup, ModuleContextInterface $context)
	{
		$eavSetup = $this->eavSetupFactory->create(['setup' => $setup]);
		$eavSetup->addAttribute(
			\Magento\Customer\Model\Customer::ENTITY,
			'sample_attribute',
			[
				'type'         => 'varchar',
				'label'        => 'Sample Attribute',
				'input'        => 'text',
				'required'     => false,
				'visible'      => true,
				'user_defined' => true,
				'position'     => 999,
				'system'       => 0,
			]
		);
		$sampleAttribute = $this->eavConfig->getAttribute(Customer::ENTITY, 'sample_attribute');

		// more used_in_forms ['adminhtml_checkout','adminhtml_customer','adminhtml_customer_address','customer_account_edit','customer_address_edit','customer_register_address']
		$sampleAttribute->setData(
			'used_in_forms',
			['adminhtml_customer']

		);
		$sampleAttribute->save();
	}
}

Now, let run comman line to install the module: php magento setup:upgrade and php bin/magento setup:static-content:deploy Then check the result. It will show like this:

customer attribute

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Sam Thomas

Sam is the CEO and Founder of Mageplaza, pursuing a simple and healthy lifestyle. He is a friend, a husband, and a father to two children. As a trainer and an aspiring influencer, he is also a big fan of sports and travel. Sam is exceptionally knowledgeable about e-commerce, especially Magento and Shopify, with 10 years of experience in the field.