Whether you are a fresher or senior, Magento 2 interview questions can be a fear due to the platform’s complexity and specific knowledge requirements. No matter how well prepared you are, it will always be the factor that puts you under pressure. In this case, it’s better to have some idea of what types of questions the employer will ask during the interview. From there, you can have precise answers ready and score points with the employer during the interview process.
We have compiled more than 30 common Magento 2 interview questions and answers, both related to your personal experience and technical knowledge, which have been asked by most of the companies. When candidates have a positive interview experience, there is a 38% higher chance of them accepting a job offer. Therefore, make sure you have carefully prepared this knowledge for the interview to get the best results.
Common Job Positions in the Magento 2 Field
Before delving into the list of commonly asked Magento 2 interview questions, it’s important to first understand the typical job roles in this field to get an overview of the scope of work and the required skills for each position.
Magento Developer
The primary responsibility of a Magento Developer is to design and develop Magento websites and its modules and templates. Throughout your work, you will need to address and resolve any software integration issues that arise. Your job responsibilities will also include website updates and the installation of security patches.
As a Magento Developer, it is crucial to stay updated on the latest technologies. Your familiarity with different UI/UX trends will also give you a competitive edge.
In general, there are 2 main positions for Magento developers:
- Front-end Magento Developers: focus on the user interface (UI) and user experience (UX) aspects of Magento websites. They are responsible for designing and implementing the visual elements, such as layouts, templates, and themes, to create an engaging and user-friendly interface for customers.
- Back-end Magento Developers: handle the logic and functionality on the server-side of Magento websites, including database management, server configuration, and integration with third-party systems, to build and maintain the back-end infrastructure of Magento websites.
Common skills and requirements for Magento Developer candidates
In addition to equipping yourself with advanced knowledge of Magento, you should also pay attention to other knowledge areas and soft skills that complement your job and enhance productivity. Examples include:
- Thorough knowledge of Magento, JavaScript, HTML, PHP, CSS, and MySQL
- Familiarity with UI/UX techniques and trends
- Good time and project management skills
- Analytical and problem-solving skills
- Communication skills
- Ability to work in a competitive environment
- Ability to work both independently and in a team.
Magento Solution Architect
A Magento Solution Architect focuses on proposing major features and technological solutions, rather than directly designing software. They propose comprehensive design solutions to help clients address business issues with Magento. Besides, the Magento Solution Architect knows how to prioritize solutions when deploying them.
Common skills and requirements for Magento Solution Architect candidates
- The skill requirements for Magento Solution Architects may vary based on the specific business needs of clients. However, there are some essential skills that every Magento Solution Architect should possess:
- Understanding the client’s business domain, possible technological solutions, limitations of each technology, platform to develop, and the ability to transform solutions into software reality.
- Awareness of solution limitations, scalability, and future maintenance possibilities.
- Comprehensive delivery of E-commerce projects.
- Ability to organize activities necessary to launch an E-commerce project successfully.
- Designing technical architecture, including like the E-commerce systems and how they’ll work with other systems, and figuring out what infrastructure you’ll need (like servers and databases) and more.
Magento Project Manager
Key tasks of a Magento Project Manager include overseeing and managing the successful execution of Magento projects, coordinating with various teams including developers, designers, and stakeholders, allocating resources, managing timelines, and monitoring budgets to ensure smooth project delivery.
Common skills and requirements for Magento Project Manager candidates
Similar to a Magento Solution Architect position, the requirements for a Magento Project Manager may vary depending on the industry or the client’s business operations. However, there are still essential skills that you typically find in Magento Project Manager job postings:
- Strong project management skills, including planning, organizing, and executing Magento projects.
- Excellent communication and leadership abilities to effectively coordinate project teams, stakeholders and to work with external partners or third-party service providers
- Proficiency in resource management, including task allocation, timeline management, progress monitoring, and budget management by defining project scope, goals, and deliverables
- Knowledge of Magento platform functionalities and its integration with other systems.
- Understanding of quality assurance processes and testing methodologies specific to Magento projects.
- Strong analytical and decision-making capabilities to make informed project-related choices.
Magento SEO Specialist
A Magento SEO specialist is responsible for optimizing Magento websites to improve their search engine rankings and visibility. Their main focus is on implementing SEO strategies and techniques to drive organic traffic to the website and enhance its online presence.
Common skills and requirements for Magento SEO Specialist candidates
- Familiarity with the Magento platform and its specific SEO capabilities, including the ability to optimize metadata, URLs, product descriptions, and other on-page elements within the Magento framework.
- In-depth understanding of search engine optimization principles, techniques, and best practices.
- Ability to conduct keyword research using SEO tools to identify relevant and high-performing keywords.
- Ability to perform technical SEO tasks for a Magento website and to analyze SEO data, interpret website metrics, and draw actionable insights to improve SEO strategies and enhance website performance.
- Skills in identifying SEO issues, conducting thorough audits, and developing solutions to improve website visibility, rankings, and overall SEO performance.
- Strong communication skills to effectively collaborate with cross-functional teams to implement SEO recommendations and drive organic growth.
In addition to the common job positions mentioned above, there are various other roles depending on individual company needs and budget. However, most Magento 2-related jobs, whether they involve coding or project management, generally have some common requirements.
These include hands-on experience with Magento versions, familiarity with its features, functionalities, and architecture, understanding of e-commerce principles and best practices, effective issue identification and resolution within a Magento environment, and strong communication skills for collaboration, client communication, and technical support or training.
Practice these fundamental skills well to establish a strong foundation and boost your confidence in answering any question at your next Magento 2 job interview or platforms such as Algo.Monster serve as valuable resources to prepare for coding interviews.
30 Interview Questions Based on Experience Levels and Their Answers
Fresher
1. What is Magento? Can you describe its components?
Magento is an open-source e-commerce platform that comes with many features and extensions. It includes PHP code, libraries, and functions needed to build online stores. It uses PHP frameworks like Symphony and Laminas, along with database systems like MySQL and MariaDB. Key features of Magento include:
- Product Management
- Inventory Management
- Customer Support
- Analytics and Reporting
- Sales and Marketing Management
Magento has three main components:
- Modules: These are collections of PHP and XML files that provide essential functions to Magento applications.
- Themes: These include templates, layouts, and styles that define how the site looks.
- Language Packages: These contain all the translations needed for different languages.
2. What technologies does Magento use?
Magento mainly runs on PHP (versions 5.5, 5.6, and 7). It also uses the Zend Framework and follows PSR coding standards. Composer is essential for managing dependencies. Additionally, it works with HTML5, CSS3, jQuery, Apache, Nginx, MySQL, Gulp, and Twig.
3. What is MVC Architecture in Magento?
MVC stands for Model, View, and Controller. This architecture separates data handling, business logic, and user interface, making it easier to manage:
- Model: Manages business rules and interacts with the database.
- View: Displays information to the user using layout files.
- Controller: Handles user requests and responses, controlling how pages flow.
4. What does EAV mean in Magento?
EAV stands for Entity-Attribute-Value, which helps extend Magento’s functions. In this system:
- Entity: Represents items like products and customers.
- Attribute: Provides details about the entity, such as product name or price.
- Value: The actual data linked to an attribute.
5. What is ORM in Magento?
ORM stands for Object Relational Mapping, which simplifies database interactions. In Magento, ORM is represented as models, divided into:
- Models for inconsistent data
- Models for XML databases
- Models for SQL databases
6. What are Magic Methods in Magento?
Magic methods are functions that start with two underscores (__) and allow automatic function calls without explicit invocation. Examples include:
- __construct(): Runs after an object is created.
- __destruct(): Runs when an object has no references.
- __get(): Retrieves values for class properties.
- __set(): Assigns values to class properties.
- __call(): Executes when an undefined method is called.
7. What are the Application Modes in Magento 2?
Magento 2 operates in three modes: Default, Developer, and Production.
- Default Mode: Caches static files and logs errors only.
- Developer Mode: Slower, used for coding and debugging, does not cache files.
- Production Mode: Faster, caches all view files and logs errors.
8. What is a handle in Magento?
A handle identifies a page in Magento. It comes from the URL used to find the layout files for that page. For example, in ‘view/frontend/layout/checkoutpaymentindex.xml’, “checkoutpaymentindex” is the handle name.
9. What is a Layout Handle, and what are its types?
A layout handle indicates the name of a layout file. There are three types:
- Page-type Layout Handle: Identifies the type of page, like product pages.
- Page Layout Handle: Identifies specific pages, like a certain product.
- Arbitrary Handle: Used by other handles without specifying a page type.
10. What is the role of the Content Management System (CMS) in Magento?
The CMS in Magento helps manage webpage content effectively. It includes:
- CMS Pages: For layout designs and various content types.
- CMS Blocks: Inserted into pages for additional details.
- CMS Widgets: Used in pages and blocks to display special content formats.
Experienced dev
11. What is Composer in Magento 2?
Composer is a tool for managing dependencies in Magento. It helps download and organize the components needed for your Magento project. Magento uses two main commands: composer install fetches all dependencies, while composer update checks for updates. By using Composer, you can reduce problems related to compatibility and conflicts between extensions.
12. Can you explain what a metapackage is in Magento?
A metapackage contains a composer.json file that lists various components and their dependencies. When multiple packages are used in a Magento application, the metapackage acts as the main package to manage them all together.
In Magento 2.4.7, Adobe introduced the Magento Open Source Extension metapackage v1.0.0, which automatically includes selected extensions with the core release. This helps streamline the upgrade process for those extensions.
Extensions included:
13. What types of products does Magento 2 support?
Magento 2 offers six product types:
- Simple Products
- Configurable Products
- Virtual Products
- Downloadable Products
- Bundle Products
- Grouped Products
14. What design patterns are used in Magento?
Magento utilizes several design patterns, including:
- Model View Controller (MVC)
- Front Controller
- Factory Pattern
- Singleton Pattern
- Registry Pattern
- Prototype Pattern
- Object Pool Pattern
- Iterator Pattern
- Lazy Loading Pattern
- Service Locator Pattern
- Module Pattern
- Observer Pattern
15. What does the file structure of Magento 2 look like?
Magento 2’s file structure consists of several key folders, including app, bin, dev, lib, phpserver, pub, setup, update, var, and vendor.
16. How do EAV and Flat Model differ in Magento?
In the flat model, both entities and attributes are stored in the same table. In contrast, EAV stores attributes in a separate table. When a new attribute is added in the flat model, a new column is created, while in EAV, a new row is added.
17. What is Dependency Injection in Magento 2?
Dependency Injection in Magento 2 is a design pattern that allows one object (A) to declare its needs for another object (B). Object B provides the necessary dependencies to A, replacing functionalities from Magento 1.
18. What is the Registry Pattern in Magento 2?
The Registry Pattern in Magento 2 allows objects and data to be available globally. This means any resource can access these objects. The Mage::register function adds data to the registry, while Mage::unregister removes it.
19. What are the features of Code Compilation in Magento?
Code compilation in Magento includes:
- Generating application code for proxies and factories
- Creating interceptors
- Generating repositories code
- Aggregating area configuration
- Creating interception cache
- Generating service data attributes
20. What are Connect Patches in Magento?
Connect patches are packages that contain core files used to fix security issues in online applications. They make it easier to install updates by replacing existing translations, and Magento uses HTTP for downloading extensions, enhancing security.
21. How do you change the Core API settings in Magento?
To change the Core API settings:
- Go to the admin menu and find System > Configuration.
- Navigate to the Services section.
- Select Magento Core API from the configuration panel.
- Expand the General Settings.
- Enter the default response charset.
- Set the client session timeout in seconds.
- Finally, click Save Configuration.
22. What is Magento Profiler?
Magento Profiler, or MAGE_PROFILER, allows users to enable a built-in profiler and show dependency graphs on Magento pages. The built-in profiler helps analyze performance, while the dependency graph lists the relationships between objects.
23. What is URN Schema Validation, and what types are there?
URN stands for Uniform Resource Names, used by Magento to refer to XML schema declarations. Every module in Magento has XSD files for XML validation. Magento supports two types of XSD file references:
24. How do you package a component in Magento 2?
To package a component in Magento 2, follow these four steps:
- Set up a Magento composer file (composer.json).
- Register the component with a registration.php file.
- Package and generate the component.
- View the sample composer.json file.
Advanced experts
25. What Are the Different Functions of Magento CLI?
Magento CLI mainly handles installation and configuration tasks. Here are some of its functions:
- Installing Magento, creating and updating the database structure, and setting up deployment configurations.
- Clearing cache and managing indexes, including reindexing.
- Creating interceptors and factories for plugins, even for classes that don’t exist.
- Deploying static files for the website.
- Creating translation packages and dictionaries.
- Generating dependency injection settings to assist the object manager.
26. How Can You Control SSRF Vulnerabilities in Magento?
SSRF, or Server-Side Request Forgery, is a type of vulnerability where an attacker can trick the application into sending a FLUSHALL request to an internal Redis server, causing all keys in the Redis database to be deleted. To prevent SSRF vulnerabilities, you can:
- Disallow users from entering URLs for applications.
- Reject certain protocols, schemas, and hosts.
- Avoid exposing information through error messages.
27. How Can You Increase the Security of Magento Applications?
Here are some ways to enhance the security of Magento applications:
- Install an SSL certificate on your website.
- Use the latest version of Magento.
- Implement strong passwords.
- Utilize the Magento scan tool.
- Use Magento reCAPTCHA.
- Regularly back up your Magento site.
- Access the Admin Dashboard via a unique URL.
28. How Would You Use the Object Manager in Magento 2?
In Magento 2, the object manager is used to create and retrieve objects, as well as to create proxies and factories. Additionally, the object manager can help with:
- Implementing singleton patterns.
- Managing dependencies.
- Instantiating parameters in class constructors.
29. What Are the Best Practices in Magento Programming?
Here are some best practices to follow in Magento programming:
- Adhere to coding standards.
- Write and use reusable code.
- Design code that can be replaced easily.
- Avoid using helper classes.
- Be consistent with naming and case conventions.
- Favor composition over inheritance.
- Use plugins.
- Test your code regularly.
30. How Is Database Caching Done in Magento?
In Magento, database caching can be done in two ways:
- Using a default cache front-end by modifying the di.xml file.
- Using a custom cache front-end by changing the env.php file.
31. What Types of XSS Vulnerabilities Exist in Magento, and How Can They Be Prevented?
There are three types of XSS vulnerabilities that can occur in Magento:
- Persisted XSS
- Reflected XSS
- DOM XSS
To prevent XSS vulnerabilities, you can:
- Validate and sanitize user inputs.
- Sanitize dynamic values when displaying views, like HTML.
32. How Does Bundling Work in Magento?
When bundling is enabled in Magento, it combines multiple JavaScripts into fewer bundles. These bundles are then downloaded for each page on the Magento site. During this process, browsers download the bundles one at a time, and Magento pauses page rendering until all downloads are complete.
33. What Is the Purpose of the composer.lock File in Magento?
The composer.lock file is used to keep track of version dependencies in a Magento project. It works with the composer file, which manages the project’s dependencies and libraries, and ensures the correct versions are installed in the vendor directory.
Wrap Up
In short, no matter what job you are interviewing for, you need a solid foundation of knowledge. The more you know about this field, the better your chances of receiving a good job offer. Even if you have many years of experience, if you can’t express your thoughts clearly and logically during the interview, it can negatively affect the result.
Therefore, make sure to prepare before the interview. Find out which level you are in right now with the above questions that we provided for each type of experience. This will help you set realistic expectations based on your skills.
